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HIV / AIDS

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is different from most because it finds and kills the body's own immune system or white blood cells, which are what the body uses to fight infections. This virus eventually develops into Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

HIV can be spread by having anal, vaginal or oral sex with an infected person, sharing needles or syringes with an infected person, or sharing sex toys with an infected person. Mothers may also infect their children during childbirth or through breastfeeding. Other contact with infected blood or blood product can also lead to infection.

You cannot get HIV from shaking hands, hugging or kissing an infected individual. Toilet seats and drinking fountains also do not transmit this disease.

Those at risk include anyone who has had unprotected anal, vaginal or oral sex; those who inject drugs or steroids using unsterile needles; and individuals who received a blood transfusion or clotting factor before 1985.

The only way to know if you are infected is to have an HIV test done, as many people do not show symptoms for years.

Symptoms

There are many phases of the infection that produce differing symptoms. An early sign is flu-like symptoms that appear 2 to 6 weeks after exposure to the virus. However, some people may not show any signs or symptoms for years.

As the virus spreads and destroys white blood cells, you may show symptoms, such as:

  • Swollen lymph nodes
  • Diarrhea
  • Weight loss
  • Fever
  • Cough

As HIV develops into AIDS the immune system is severely weakened, making you more susceptible to different infections. Symptoms of the later stages include:

  • Night sweats
  • Chills and fever
  • White spots of lesions on your tongue or in your mouth
  • Unexplained fatigue
  • Constant headaches

Diagnosis & Treatment

You should get tested for HIV if:

  • You have or plan to have more than one sexual partner.
  • You are a man who has had sex with other men--in this case, get tested at least once a year.
  • You are a woman who is planning to get pregnant or who is pregnant.

If you are diagnosed:

There are a wide variety of resources out there for individuals who are HIV/AIDS positive, including counselors and nurses who will help you cope and deal with the financial and emotional stresses related to the illness.

There are certain things recommended to those who are HIV positive.

  • You should come to terms with your illness.
    This may be one of the hardest things you will ever have to do but it is one of the most important. It may be helpful to seek counseling not only from a nurse or counselor but even from someone who has tested positive and had come to terms with the illness.
  • You should learn all you can about HIV/AIDs.
    Becoming more informed about your illness allows you to be more active in your health care; it also will prepare you for what may come.
  • It is important to maintain a strong support system.
    Surrounding yourself with caring individuals who understand and support you will allow you to understand and move forward with your life and living with HIV/AIDS.

Healthy Connections does not charge for HIV Testing. Contact us for more information or to schedule an appointment.

More Information

MedlinePlus: HIV/AIDS

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